cô hồn cát đảng
A wandering-ghost gang — lawless drifters; the crowd beyond the law's edge.
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cô kia cắt cỏ một mình, cho anh cắt với chung tình làm đôi. Cô còn cắt nữa hay thôi, cho anh cắt với làm đôi vợ chồng
You there cutting grass alone — let me cut beside you and make us a pair — the field as courtship ground.
cô kia đội nón đi đâu Tôi là phận gái làm dâu mới về Mẹ chồng ác nghiệt đã ghê Tôi chẳng ở được, tôi về nhà tôi
Girl in the nón, where to? — I'm a new bride gone to serve; the mother-in-law is cruel past bearing — I can't stay, I'm going home to mine — the runaway daughter-in-law's verse.
cô âm bất thành, cô dương bất trưởng
Yin alone forms nothing, yang alone grows nothing — creation takes the pair.
cô ơi
Calling a woman of your parents' generation — the market auntie, the landlady, a teacher. Warmer than formal, exactly right for the age gap.
công cha nghĩa mẹ
parents' kindness; parental affection
công cha như núi ngất trời Nghĩa mẹ như nước ở ngoài biển Đông Núi cao biển rộng mênh mông Cù lao chín chữ ghi lòng con ơi
A father's labor is a sky-high peak; a mother's love the water beyond the East Sea — high mountain, wide ocean: child, engrave the nine words of care.
công cha như núi Thái Sơn, nghĩa mẹ như nước trong nguồn chảy ra, một lòng thờ mẹ kính cha, cho tròn chữ hiếu mới là đạo con
A father's labor is Mount Thái Sơn; a mother's devotion, the spring that never stops flowing — serve both wholly, for that is a child's whole way.
công chính liêm minh
Just, upright, clean-handed and clear-sighted — integrity in office.
công cốc
something that one has put a lot of effort into but yields no real result
công giả trường
Toil of the sand-crab — labor the next wave undoes; building what the sea flattens nightly.
công nợ khất quanh
Debt walked around the block — repayment forever circling, never arriving.
công thành danh toại
merits accomplished, fame/honor achieved
công ty môi giới bất động sản
real-estate agency
cõng chữ lên non
to go to a remote, mountainous and underdeveloped area to do voluntary teaching
cõng rắn cắn gà nhà
To bring in an outsider or enemy who then harms your own people — inviting the wolf into the house.
cù bất cù bơ
Drifting rootless — homeless, familyless, blown from place to place.
cùng mẹ thì xa, cùng cha thì gần
Same father makes near kin; same mother only, farther — the old patriline's map of closeness.
cùng nghề đương thúng, túng nghề đương nia
Out of the basket trade, weave winnowing trays — when one craft starves, bend it into the next.
cùng tắc biến, biến tắc thông
When the going gets tough, the tough gets going.
cú kêu cho ma
The owl cries for the ghost — omen and spirit keeping each other's appointments.
cú kêu dữ miệng cú
The owl's cry curses the owl's own mouth — the bringer of ill omens keeps the ill.
căn nhà nghỉ dưỡng cho thuê
holiday rental; vacation rental
căng da bụng, chùng da mắt
having a full belly can make one sleepy
căng đét
Stretched drum-tight — a situation, deadline, or atmosphere at maximum tension; "đét" is the snap that pushes "căng" (tense) to its limit.
cũ người mới ta
Old to them, new to us — one owner's castoff is the next one's prize.
cũng không tệ lắm
Could be worse; not too bad
cũng tàm tạm
So-so; not too bad
cơ mưu bất mật họa tiên phát
A plot kept loosely brings the disaster home first — the leaky scheme detonates on its maker.
cơ thâm họa diệc thâm
The deeper the scheme, the deeper the ruin — malice digs its own grave to measure.
cơm bưng tận miệng
Rice carried to the very mouth — service so complete the jaw alone is left employed.
cơm cha, áo mẹ, chữ thầy
Father's rice, mother's clothes, teacher's letters — the three debts every childhood runs up.
cơm chó
Dog food, figuratively — the couple sweetness that single onlookers get force-fed when lovers flaunt their romance; you «ăn» (eat) it whether you ordered it or not. Borrowed from Chinese internet slang.
cơm chẳng lành, canh chẳng ngọt
rice isn't well cooked, broths aren't well seasoned
cơm cá giả mặt bụt
Rice and fish to placate the Buddha's face — offerings for appearance's sake only.
cơm hẩm áo manh
Musty rice and threadbare clothes — a life of hungry, ragged poverty.
cơm không lành, canh không ngọt
synonym of cơm chẳng lành, canh chẳng ngọt
cơm làng Hoá, cá làng Từ
Rice from Hoá, fish from Từ — each village its delicacy.
cơm mai cháo chiều
Rice at dawn, gruel by dusk — a larder that keeps no promises.
cơm nhà việc người
Home's rice, others' errands — fed at one table, worked at everyone else's.
cơm niêu nước lọ
A clay pot of rice and a jug of water — the makeshift housekeeping of someone living alone.
cơm no rượu say
Full of rice and warm with wine — fed, watered and thoroughly content.
cơm thừa canh cặn
leftover rice and soup dregs
cơm tẻ là mẹ ruột
Plain rice is the true mother — the humble staple that actually keeps you alive.
cơm vua nợ dân
The king's rice is the people's debt — every stipend was first a tax.
cơm vua áo chúa
The king's rice, the lord's cloth — fed and clothed by power, and owned accordingly.
cơn mưa đằng đông, vừa trông vừa chạy, cơn mưa đằng nam, vừa làm vừa chơi
Rain from the east: watch it and run; rain from the south: work on and play — the sky's directions, sorted by threat.
cơn đen vận túng
A black spell and a strapped season — luck's low tide and the purse's together.
cư an tư nguy
In peace, prepare for peril — while things are calm, plan for the day they aren't.
cư bất quá dong tất
A dwelling need only fit the knees — lodging asks sufficiency, not splendor.
cưa thợ mộc
The carpenter's saw — back and forth, giving a little each pass; steady reciprocation.
cưa đứt đục suốt
Saw it through, chisel it clean — settling matters crisply, each item squared away.
cưng xỉu
Cute enough to faint over — "cưng" (precious) plus the fainting booster; standard-issue caption under puppy and baby content.
cưu cư thước sào
The cuckoo lodging in the magpie's nest — comfort claimed in another's building.
cương quế chi tánh, dủ lão dủ tân
Ginger and cinnamon sharpen with age — the old grow only more pungent in wit and savor.
cướp trên giàn mướp
Robbery up on the squash trellis — a grab so brazen it's done in plain sight, overhead.
cười banh nóc
Laughter that blows the roof off — a room-wrecking fit of hilarity, the Vietnamese cousin of "bring the house down".
cười hở mười cái răng
A laugh that bares all ten teeth — mirth past the limit of grace.
cười không nhặt được mồm
Laughing till you can't pick your mouth back up — helpless, unstoppable laughter.
cười người chớ khá cười lâu, cười năm trước năm sau cười mình
Laugh at others briefly — this year's laughingstock is next year's mirror.
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